In 1975, just three of the world's urban centers — Tokyo, New York, and Mexico City — had more than 10 million residents.
Now, about 7% of people live in cities with eight-figure populations, according to the United Nations. They even have a special name: megacities.
The UN projects the global number of megacities to grow from 31 to 41 by 2030, housing some 8.7% of the global population.
Tokyo, Japan, is the largest city in the world with 38 million residents. That's about 12 million more people than New Delhi, India, the second-largest. Although Tokyo is projected to lose approximately 1 million residents by 2030, it's expected to remain the top megacity, according to the UN.
But with rapidly increasing populations, many of these urban centers face major housing shortages. By 2025, 1.6 billion people could struggle to find decent housing that doesn't eat up more than 30% of their income, the standard measure of housing affordability, according to a report by McKinsey. Ultimately, there could be 106 million more low-income households in cities by 2025.
Below is a list of the 10 largest megacities in the world. For each, we've included population in 1975, population projections for 2030, GDP per capita, and the cost of monthly rent and utilities in the city.
SEE ALSO: Here are the world's top 10 most livable cities — and how much it costs to live there
DON'T MISS: Mesmerizing maps show how much megacities have expanded over the last 30 years
New York, United States: 19 million people
Population in 1975: 16 million
Projected population in 2030: 20 million
GDP per capita: $74,000
Monthly rent and utilities: $3,057
Cairo, Egypt: 19 million people
Population in 1975: 6 million
Projected population in 2030: 24 million
GDP per capita: $7,843
Monthly rent and utilities: $206
Osaka, Japan: 20 million people
Population in 1975: 10 million
Projected population in 2030: 20 million
GDP per capita: $36,335
Monthly rent and utilities: $1,174
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